Theoretical and experimental bases for ensuring thermal and acoustic resistance of structural elements of buildings and shielding of electromagnetic radiation emission
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2410-2547.2026.116.499-510Keywords:
thermal resistance, acoustic resistance, shielding effectiveness, electromagnetic radiationAbstract
An applied mathematical apparatus has been developed for predicting the thermal and acoustic resistance of building elements and the effectiveness of electromagnetic radiation shielding. Thermal resistance calculations take into account the influence of solar radiation and convective heat exchange on the outer surface of buildings. This makes it possible to rationalise the thermal protection of buildings and their energy efficiency. To predict the acoustic resistance of building structural elements, a multifactorial model of sound transmission through a protective layer has been improved, which has reduced the calculation error compared to known solutions. An applied calculation tool has been developed to predict the effectiveness of shielding electromagnetic radiation with building and facing materials. It is based on the relationships of electrodynamics of continuous media and is most suitable for multicomponent materials compared to semi-empirical formulas. Verification of the results obtained indicates an acceptable convergence of theoretical and experimental data. Given the presence of certain assumptions and simplifications in the calculations, in practical activities, a certain margin of effectiveness must be included in the protective properties of the designed materials and structures.
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