Features of the distribution of stresses in the soil base of piles depending on the method of their placement in the plan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2410-2547.2026.116.291-298Keywords:
foundation, driven pile, pile cluster, cross-section, stress, bearing capacity, conditional foundationAbstract
The improvement of existing methods for calculating new structures and their elements in accordance with current regulatory documents in the field of construction is much slower than the development of production technologies. This, in turn, limits the implementation of modern technical solutions and technologies, and also complicates the creation of optimal conditions for their effective use and calculation. For example, calculations of piles and pile foundations for bearing capacity and base deformations according to DBN V.2.1-10-2009. Amendment 1 does not provide a sufficient level of accuracy and reliability due to a number of factors: the use of averaged tabular values of soil resistance, failure to take into account the state of the soil along the length of the pile, its origin and compression pressure, the use of deformation characteristics of soils obtained from the results of field tests, etc.
The paper presents the results of an analytical study of the spatial distribution of vertical stresses in the soil base in the zone located under the lower end of the driven hanging piles of square cross-section 30x30cm in size with their different location in the plan. The construction of stresses was based on mathematical modeling of the distribution of stresses in the soil base developed by the Department of Geotechnics of the KNUBA for a single pile, which allows obtaining satisfactory results in comparison with experimental data, as well as a pile bush of two piles with different positions of the pile in the plan. The construction of the nature of the stress distribution in the horizontal plane below the pile tip was carried out using theoretical solutions based on experimental field studies of deformations of the base of sandy and clayey soils in field and laboratory conditions. Special attention is paid to the influence of the pile placement configuration on the change in the shape, size and area of the zones of the stressed state in the soil environment from the transfer of load by the lateral surface and the lower end of the pile. A comparative analysis of the geometric characteristics of conditional foundations determined by different methods, in particular, based on classical theoretical provisions and modern analytical approaches, has been performed. The results obtained allow a deeper understanding of the mechanism of interaction of piles with the base, and can also serve as a basis for refining calculation models when designing pile foundations, taking into account the spatial effect and the influence of the pile bush configuration.
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