Geometric modeling of solar radiation zones on curved airport terminals coverings during their reconstruction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2410-2547.2026.116.220-228Keywords:
reconstruction, curved surfaces, shells, solar collectors, solar radiation, effective solar radiation zonesAbstract
The article considers the current problem of energy-efficient modernization of large transport hubs through optimization of the use of solar energy. The object of the study is the processes of formation of insolation zones on complex curved surfaces of coatings of modern airport terminals using solar-receiving devices.
The authors analyze the specifics of the reconstruction of existing terminals, where changing the roof configuration may be limited by load-bearing structures.The geometry is selected at the pre-design stage, taking into account the requirements for the location of the building relative to the runway (runway), passenger flow conditions, structural safety, and architectural and economic factors.
A geometric modeling algorithm based on discrete geometry and computer-aided design methods is proposed. This allows for accurate calculation of the solar radiation intensity at each point of a curved roof, taking into account geographical coordinates and seasonal changes.Two types of surfaces were selected for analysis - an ellipsoid of revolution and a hyperbolic paraboloid. The developed model allows you to determine the most effective areas for placing photovoltaic panels (BIPV systems) and solar heating systems.Graphical and analytical dependences of the distribution of radiation fluxes were obtained, which allow minimizing overheating of premises in the summer and maximizing heat gain in the winter.
The proposed approach to determining effective solar radiation zones allows optimizing the shape of the airport terminal's coverage at the pre-design stage. This ensures a balance between urban planning constraints (orientation relative to the runway) and energy independence requirements.
If the selected geometry does not provide sufficient insolation, the algorithm involves iteratively searching for shape options or changing the functional purpose of the solar system (for example, switching from full energy supply to hot water supply only).
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