Methodology for creating a mobile crushing plant taking into account the stress-deformed state of its structural elements

Abstract

Due to the growing requirements for the quality of building materials, as well as the expansion of the scope of their use, the task of reducing energy costs for the processes of manufacturing building materials arises. The main areas of reducing energy costs are optimization or improvement of the designs of individual machines included in technological lines, technological lines themselves, the processes of extracting materials for construction and their delivery to the consumer. On the other hand, Ukraine is experiencing a sharp increase in the volume of construction waste, which is associated with large-scale destruction of infrastructure and housing stock, reconstruction and dismantling of dilapidated structures. Recycling construction waste allows you to reduce future construction costs and also solves environmental safety problems. A large number of current problems in the production and processing of building materials are solved by mobile crushing and sorting plants. Mobile crushing and sorting plants designed for crushing and separating rocks, construction waste or other bulk materials directly at the place of extraction or processing. Such complexes can function as independent units or as elements of entire plants, while ensuring flexible adaptation to production conditions. Mobile crushing plants combine high productivity, autonomy, mobility and economic feasibility, ensuring minimal loss of time and fuel while maintaining the quality of crushing and sorting. One of the most important advantages of mobile crushing plants compared to stationary machine designs is a significant reduction in logistics costs associated with transporting raw materials to the crushing site. In addition to direct savings in fuel and transport resources, reducing logistics provides a number of indirect benefits. First of all, the technological cycle time is reduced. This, in turn, increases the company's cash flow and reduces the need for intermediate warehouses. An important advantage is the reduction in infrastructure construction and maintenance costs. For stationary crushers, it is necessary to build concrete foundations, access roads, overpasses, loading hoppers, and also provide for the supply of communications. Another aspect that has a financial impact is the reduction of downtime related to weather conditions and road conditions.

The paper performs a criterion-based assessment of mobile crushing and screening plants, builds models of technological schemes for single-stage crushing and two-stage crushing, which include the designed mobile crushing plant, and provides calculations of the parameters of the mechanical mode of the jaw crusher, the running gear, and the hydraulic system. Based on the load scheme of the structural elements of the jaw crusher, the stress-strain state of the eccentric shaft and the spacer plate was determined using the finite element method.