Using the finite element method to determine the possibility of application and improvement of organizational and technological solutions for localization of destroyments caused by influences not foreseeed during design
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2410-2547.2026.116.84-96Keywords:
predictive and calculation model, off-design impact, reinforced concrete truss, damage, unloading, organizational and technological solutions, assembly siteAbstract
The article examines the impact of off-design loads on the structures of an industrial building that was damaged but retained its overall stability.
The generalized predictive and computational model is considered as a simplified transition from the physical system of an industrial building to a mathematical model used to assess the current state of structures and predict the possible development of damage. An effective approach to building such a model involves the use of the finite element method (FEM), which allows for the formalization of complex spatial systems by dividing them into components of simple geometry. The predictive and computational model, built based on FEM, provides the ability not only to analyze the current state of damaged structures, but also to predict their further behavior under the influence of variable loading conditions. This allows it to be used as a tool for making informed technical decisions in the process of eliminating the consequences of off-design impacts.
An algorithmic sequence of actions for building an information and mathematical predictive and calculation model (using the example of a reinforced concrete truss of an industrial structure) in the environment of a calculation complex is proposed, which allows assessing the change in the technical condition of structural elements after the action of an off-design impact.
An example of a corresponding calculation of a predictive and calculation model of a truss with a span of 24 m is given, the main tasks of which were: checking the absence of general destruction of its structure in the event of loss of an element at different stages of temporary reinforcement using an assembly platform and steel risers; determining the efficiency of unloading a damaged truss with this reinforcement, taking into account the limitation of the total allowable load transmitted by the risers to the assembly platform.
A significant advantage (in the required total effort in the unloading risers) of the one-rise variant compared to two was found. This advantage increases from approximately 5% to 3 times when changing the location of the missing truss element from the edge to the middle of the truss.
The planned level of truss unloading can be fully achieved with the use of a single riser for two of the four damage patterns and 88% for the other two. The options using 2 risers are significantly less effective (33-85% of the planned level of unloading).
No cases of total truss failure were identified for any option and at any stage of the calculation.
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