Stress-strain state of a damaged railway overpass and its strengthening with carbon fiber reinforced plastic materials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2410-2547.2025.115.347-359Keywords:
reinforced concrete structure strengthening, composite materials, carbon fiber, CFRP, finite element method, transportation structures, overpass, stress-strain state, carbon fiber reinforced plastic, bridge reconstructionAbstract
The research addresses the problem of strengthening damaged reinforced concrete structures of transportation facilities using modern composite materials based on carbon fiber (CFRP). Using the railway overpass of the Zaporizhzhia Ferroalloy Plant as an example, a detailed investigation of the stress-strain state of structural elements before and after damage occurrence was conducted using the finite element method in the ANSYS software environment. It was revealed that failure in the form of rupture of two lower rows of longitudinal reinforcement causes an increase in beam deflection by 32.9%, tensile stresses in concrete by 33.3%, and stresses in reinforcement by 32.7%.
A strengthening methodology was developed through bonding unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic with a thickness of 1 mm, elastic modulus of 121,000 MPa, and tensile strength of 2,231 MPa to the bottom flange of the beam. The obtained results of numerical modeling of the strengthened structure demonstrate high efficiency of the proposed approach: the deflection of the strengthened beam exceeds the parameters for the undamaged structure by only 13.0%, while stresses in the reinforcement increase by only 4.2%. Maximum stresses in the carbon fiber reinforced plastic do not reach 5% of its ultimate strength, indicating significant load-carrying capacity reserves of the strengthening system and justifying the use of composite materials for restoring the serviceability of damaged reinforced concrete elements.
The conducted review of international experience in the use of FRP composites in the construction industry revealed advantages of strengthened structures compared to traditional restoration methods: efficient work execution, minimal dead load, high strength characteristics, resistance to corrosion and aggressive environments, preservation of element dimensions, and rapid restoration of operational characteristics. The research substantiates the feasibility of applying carbon fiber composite materials for reconstruction and strengthening of transportation infrastructure facilities in Ukraine under conditions of limited financial resources and the need to reduce construction work duration.
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