Optimization of soil cutting process by ripper tip with dynamic cutting edge

Abstract

The mechanical processes of interaction between the ripper tip with the dynamic cutting edge on the pneumatic accumulator and the soil massif are investigated in the paper. Rheological models of the soil are considered, describing its elastic and viscoelastic properties, as well as the regularities of deformation under the action of the working element. The movement speed of the ripper tip, the dynamics of changes in cutting force, and the formation nature of the compressed zone for different soil categories are investigated based on the combination of analytical methods and experimental tests. The results obtained allowed us to establish the influence regularities of the ripper tip parameters on power loads, energy consumption and stability of the technological process. It is shown that the ripper tip use with the dynamic cutting edge on the pneumatic accumulator contributes to the decrease in peak and average loads, the decrease in friction forces and vibration oscillations. This leads to an increase in energy efficiency, the decrease in dynamic shocks and the increase in the resource of the working element. It’s found that the maximum effect is achieved during the development of light and medium-density soils, where the greatest reduction in cutting force and the highest process stability are observed. The energy effect is less pronounced for strong soils, but the positive effect on load stabilization is preserved. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of improving the designs of ripper tips, substantiating rational modes of their operation. It also aims at increasing the efficiency of technological processes during preparatory works in transport and industrial construction, mining and the agricultural sector.