The shell – a compositional component of an architectural object
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32347/2410-2547.2019.103.201-207Keywords:
thin-walled spatial structure, shell, dome, arch, curvilinear form, object, compositionAbstract
The role of the shell as an architectural element in the overall composition of objects is considered. The aim of the work is the analysis and comparison of the compositional role of dome forms using the most famous historical architectural objects as the example.
The history of architecture provides many examples of the creative use of curvilinear forms, namely, shells, domes, and arch. A brief overview of examples of outstanding objects from the history of architecture is being carried out. Dome structures ofByzantiumand theRoman Empireare being considered. Without going deep into detailing other periods, the active use of dome forms in architecture is noted. These forms at that time were the leading, central elements of the composition. In the urban environment, these objects had a significant emphasis.
Over time, namely from the beginning of the twentieth century, dome forms (except for church buildings) lose their leading position. Geometric vertical and horizontal plane forms come to the fore. They play a constructive and leading role in the composition. Moreover, in some cases, dome forms are still encountered when equilibrium and static symmetry are required. However, these elements are subordinate in the overall composition and serve to balance all the elements of the object as a whole. Temporary, social, aesthetic-functional and progressive-technological factors have contributed to the new approach to the creation of an architectural object. The language, the syntax of this object has changed drastically.
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